Association of Demographic Factors with Tuberculosis Outcomes in the United States (2018-2022)
Location
Hager-Lubbers Exhibition Hall
Description
PURPOSE: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health issue in the U.S., with disparities among demographic groups. This study analyzes associations between age, sex, race/ethnicity, and origin of birth with TB outcomes from 2018 to 2022 using CDC’s Online Tuberculosis Information System (OTIS) to identify TB disparities and inform public health interventions. SUBJECTS: A retrospective analysis of 26,375 TB cases reported between 2018 and 2022. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study assessed previous TB infection, pulmonary TB, and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) in relation to demographic factors. Descriptive statistics summarized TB case distributions, and statistical models were used to evaluate associations. ANALYSES: Chi-square tests examined categorical relationships, while logistic regression models assessed associations between demographic variables and TB outcomes, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and p-values. RESULTS: TB is disproportionately prevalent among non-U.S.-born individuals (74.0%), adults aged 45-64 years (30.9%), males (62.5%), Asians (37.7%), and Hispanics (30.8%). Older adults (≥65 years) had higher odds of previous TB infection compared with younger age groups. Pulmonary TB was more prevalent in males (64.46%) and significantly associated with U.S.-born individuals (OR = 1.633, p < 0.0001). MDR-TB was significantly associated with younger age groups (15-24 years, OR = 3.776, p < 0.0001), and prevalent in non-U.S.-born individuals (90.17%), and Asians (60.96%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, including improving healthcare access, culturally competent care, and routine screening for high-risk groups. Policy-driven and community-based strategies are essential to reduce TB disparities and work toward eradication in the U.S.
Association of Demographic Factors with Tuberculosis Outcomes in the United States (2018-2022)
Hager-Lubbers Exhibition Hall
PURPOSE: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health issue in the U.S., with disparities among demographic groups. This study analyzes associations between age, sex, race/ethnicity, and origin of birth with TB outcomes from 2018 to 2022 using CDC’s Online Tuberculosis Information System (OTIS) to identify TB disparities and inform public health interventions. SUBJECTS: A retrospective analysis of 26,375 TB cases reported between 2018 and 2022. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The study assessed previous TB infection, pulmonary TB, and multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) in relation to demographic factors. Descriptive statistics summarized TB case distributions, and statistical models were used to evaluate associations. ANALYSES: Chi-square tests examined categorical relationships, while logistic regression models assessed associations between demographic variables and TB outcomes, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and p-values. RESULTS: TB is disproportionately prevalent among non-U.S.-born individuals (74.0%), adults aged 45-64 years (30.9%), males (62.5%), Asians (37.7%), and Hispanics (30.8%). Older adults (≥65 years) had higher odds of previous TB infection compared with younger age groups. Pulmonary TB was more prevalent in males (64.46%) and significantly associated with U.S.-born individuals (OR = 1.633, p < 0.0001). MDR-TB was significantly associated with younger age groups (15-24 years, OR = 3.776, p < 0.0001), and prevalent in non-U.S.-born individuals (90.17%), and Asians (60.96%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings emphasize the need for targeted public health interventions, including improving healthcare access, culturally competent care, and routine screening for high-risk groups. Policy-driven and community-based strategies are essential to reduce TB disparities and work toward eradication in the U.S.