Faculty Scholarly Dissemination Grants

Anthropometric, Dietary, and Psychosocial Characteristics of Under-Reporters of Energy: a Study among Middle-Class, African American Women

Department

Biomedical Sciences

College

College of Liberal Arts and Sciences

Date Range

2011-2012

Abstract

Background: Studies focusing on energy under-reporting in African-American women are limited. Under-reporting varies by study, depending on the population and definition of under-reporting. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of under-reporting and the anthropometric, dietary and psychosocial characteristics of under-reporters in middle-class African American women. Methods: Physical activity level (PAL) was measured over a 7-day period by accelerometer and subjects were assigned 1 of 3 PAL values from the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Energy intake (EI) was determined by three 24-hour recalls using a multiple pass approach. Predicted energy requirement (pER) was derived from the DRI equation from the IOM. Using the Goldberg equation, a %EI/pER outside the ±1 SD range was considered a non-plausible intake. In this study, under-reporters were those with an EI £78% of the pER. Information on subjects’ demographic, dieting, dietary, anthropometric and psychosocial characteristics was also assessed. Results: Participants (n=53) were middle age (mean=59;range 21-76 years), obese (55% with BMI>30 kg/m2) women with low physical activity (80%, n=45). Seventy-four percent (n=39) were classified as energy under-reporters. Under-reporters did not under-report food items consistently with significantly greater reported percentage of protein calories, and a significantly greater score on discretionary fat and lower sodium and grain scores using the Dietary Quality Index Revised (DQI-R). In multivariate analysis, only restrictive eating practices independently predicted energy under-reporting, explaining 13% of the variance in EI/pER. Conclusion: This study indicates that there was under-reporting of unhealthy foods and restrictive feeding behaviors predicted energy under-reporting in middle-class African-American women.

Conference Name

Obesity 29th Annual Scientific Meeting

Conference Location

Orlando, Florida

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