Keywords

Oncolysis, viruses, cancer, immunotherapy, cancer treatments, oncolytic viruses

Disciplines

Life Sciences | Medicine and Health Sciences

Mentor

Doug Graham

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses are known as genetically engineered viruses or ones that can be found in nature, that are used to selectively reproduce in cancer cells and kill them without harming the normal and healthy cells. Oncolytic viruses have been considered an effective form of immunotherapy and offer a new approach for cancer treatment. Only one oncolytic virus has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in the USA, which is T-Vec (talimogene laherparepvec). This is a second-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Another oncolytic virus has been approved only in China in 2005, which is called Oncorine. It is an E1B-deleted adenovirus, which is used for head and neck cancer and esophagus cancer (Fukuhara, Ino, Todo, 2016). This paper will demonstrate the clinical effectiveness of oncolytic viruses and how they have proven to help with cancer immunotherapy.

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