Event Title
ABO Blood Group and Impacts on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Production
Description
PURPOSE: Recently, blood group’s role in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been researched. Studies theorize that blood group A individuals are more susceptible to infection due to A blood antigen lining the respiratory epithelium, allowing for viral entry. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether blood group affected SARS-CoV-2 antibody production or infection among blood donors. SUBJECTS: This study utilized information from blood donors who donated a blood product at a Versiti Blood Center between December 14, 2020 and February 6, 2021. This study consisted of 12,925 donors over age 18 who tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Donors were analyzed based on blood group, anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody production, age, gender, and whether they donated convalescent plasma (CCP), indicating previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: A relationship was found between blood group and CCP donation through chi-square analysis. Blood group O was less likely than blood group A to donate CCP (AOR = 0.810, 95% CI 0.708, 0.928; p <0.0001). Odds doubled for developing high positive levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in donors over age 50 (95% CI 1.826, 2.858; p <0.0001). Multinomial logistic regression did not indicate that blood group was a significant predictor of IgG production. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study show that blood group O individuals may have decreased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection as they were less likely to donate CCP. Furthermore, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 may not provide long-lasting immunity in younger populations due to their increased likelihood of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.
ABO Blood Group and Impacts on SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Production
PURPOSE: Recently, blood group’s role in SARS-CoV-2 infection has been researched. Studies theorize that blood group A individuals are more susceptible to infection due to A blood antigen lining the respiratory epithelium, allowing for viral entry. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether blood group affected SARS-CoV-2 antibody production or infection among blood donors. SUBJECTS: This study utilized information from blood donors who donated a blood product at a Versiti Blood Center between December 14, 2020 and February 6, 2021. This study consisted of 12,925 donors over age 18 who tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Donors were analyzed based on blood group, anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody production, age, gender, and whether they donated convalescent plasma (CCP), indicating previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. RESULTS: A relationship was found between blood group and CCP donation through chi-square analysis. Blood group O was less likely than blood group A to donate CCP (AOR = 0.810, 95% CI 0.708, 0.928; p <0.0001). Odds doubled for developing high positive levels of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody in donors over age 50 (95% CI 1.826, 2.858; p <0.0001). Multinomial logistic regression did not indicate that blood group was a significant predictor of IgG production. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study show that blood group O individuals may have decreased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection as they were less likely to donate CCP. Furthermore, previous infection with SARS-CoV-2 may not provide long-lasting immunity in younger populations due to their increased likelihood of mild SARS-CoV-2 infection.