In order for West Michigan to continue to prosper despite burgeoning national and international competition, it must take full advantage of its many resources. The Seidman College of Business is, therefore, exceptionally pleased to provide to this community the Seidman Business Review. Published annually since 1995 by the Seidman College of Business at Grand Valley State University, the Seidman Business Review provides detailed, insightful commentary and comprehensive, thought-provoking analysis on current issues, trends and problems relevant to the business community of Western Michigan. As the ever-changing global economy presents new challenges to all West Michigan’s businesses, the Seidman Business Review also contains progressive, pertinent, and wide-ranging essays and articles concentrated on current and emerging business knowledge, legislation, and innovations applicable to West Michigan businesses and other public and private organizations.

Seidman College of Business receives tremendous support from the vibrant West Michigan business community and takes seriously our responsibility to support this community, especially in our distinct areas of business and management expertise. It is with gratitude for that support that we present the Seidman Business Review.